Director Disqualification as a Complement to EU Antitrust Fines: Towards a More Balanced Sanctions Policy

There is an intense debate in competition law circles about the seemingly high level of fines levied by the European Commission on companies found guilty of EU competition law violations (notably compared with unduly modest sanctions imposed in other areas of law, such as insider trading, money laundering, misleading financial information, or environmental disasters). There is concern in many quarters not only that the Commission’s policy of corpo