Tackling Dark Patterns: How to Reasonably Prevent Consumer Manipulation and Competition Distortions?

Deceptive and manipulative choice architectures have received significant coverage in the academic literature. These dark patterns can be nudges leading individuals to act against their interests or sludges hindering the implementation of beneficial decisions. The development of these patterns is enhanced by the potential of the data economy and by ever more powerful predictive algorithms. They raise legitimate concerns in terms of competition and consumer protection. Numerous reports suggest th